Flexible Sigmoidoscopy

A flexible sigmoidoscopy is a test that involves passing a thin, flexible tube with a light on the end into your back passage (anus) to examine the lower part of your large bowel. The procedure can be uncomfortable, but most people manage without sedation.

If you feel anxious or if your bowel is very inflamed, you may be offered a light sedative. The test itself usually takes 5–10 minutes, but you should expect to be in the department for two to three hours.

The purpose of the procedure is to find the cause of your symptoms. Small tissue samples (biopsies) may be taken from the bowel lining. If small polyps are found, they may be removed or biopsied.

Haemorrhoids (piles) may sometimes be treated during the procedure using rubber band ligation, which is usually relatively painless. A healthcare professional will discuss this with you and provide aftercare instructions if needed.

Preparing for your procedure

If you receive sedation, you must have someone collect you, take you home and stay with you for at least 24 hours.

There is no need to fast before the test. You may have a light breakfast or lunch before arrival.

Your bowel must be as clean as possible. You will either be sent an enema to use at home or given one by a healthcare professional when you arrive. Your appointment time includes preparation.

Please inform us if you may be pregnant. Stop taking iron tablets or bulking agents (such as Fybogel or Regulan) one week before your appointment. Bring all medications and your completed consent form.

After your procedure

Flexible sigmoidoscopy mainly examines the left side of the colon, where most problems occur. Complications are rare. Bowel perforation occurs in around 1 in 15,000 cases and may require surgery. Reactions to sedation or pain medication can also occur.

If you have had sedation, you will be given oxygen and monitored during the procedure and will need to stay in the department until you have recovered. You will be offered tea and biscuits afterwards.